Questions & Answers

To design a 16-way interleaved memory system with one memory bank, use 4 interleaving bits (2^4 = 16) in the memory address. Each of the 16 memory modules has a 1 M Byte capacity. The address bits 0-3 select on e of the 16 modules, while bits 4-31 address data within the chosen module. This setup ensures even distribution of data across modules, minimizing access contention. A complete 32-bit address is used for data access, allowing efficient access to memory. + More - Less

CSMA/CD (Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection) is a media access control (MAC) protocol used in wired Ethernet networks to prevent data collisions. However, it is not suitable for Wireless Loc al Area Networks (WLANs) due to: Wireless transceivers can’t send and receive on the same channel at the same time, making it impossible to detect collisions. In wired Ethernet, devices can sense the medium to detect collisions. In WLANs, there is no way to sense the medium, making it impossible to detect collisions. WLANs have a higher collision rate compared to wired Ethernet networks, making it impractical to use CSMA/CD. + More - Less